While Sun Yat-sen and Li Dazhao and Chen Duxiu were leading two quite distinct types of revolutionary thinking and organizations, they were introduced to the theory and practice of Bolshevism by Comintern and turned into dedicated revolutionaries. […]
A group of Chinese nationalists was strongly affected by the triumph of the Russian Revolution. They began translating the works of Karl Marx and V.I. Lenin into Chinese to understand how the Bolsheviks had successfully thrown off centuries of czarist oppression. Li Dazhao, Chen Duxiu, and Mao Zedong were key people who led the change. […]
Looking at the American Revolution from the perspective of Native America, it was a catalyst for a civil war that caused deep divisions within Indian communities. We can also see it as a moment that involved perilous attempts to preserve neutrality. […]
The Native people experienced the American Revolution in at least three different ways, as allies, as participants in their own civil wars, and as neutral parties. However, in each instance, the Revolution brought destruction. […]
We imagine the American Revolution as the beginning, if not the end, of the triumph of liberty, equality, and fraternity. Yet, for the Natives, something as revolutionary as the American Revolution was not seen that way. For them, it simply represented a war between a British father and his land-hungry children. […]
Once Hitler moved into Austria, and created one greater German Reich in 1938, Europe began to slide toward the outbreak of the Second World War. […]
Hitler believed that Germany was defenseless, surrounded by potential enemies in the center of Europe. So, he decided to renounce the Treaty of Versailles. […]
It was Nazi foreign policy, in particular Hitler’s very prominent association with it, that was one of the most popular aspects of the regime. […]
In 1763, Pontiac urged Odawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibwe to accept Lenape war belts. Fashioned from black beads, they represented a call to arms—an invitation to go to war and rid the Ohio Country of the British. […]
At the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French surrendered all claims to lands between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, as well as present-day Canada. But, seen from Indian perspectives, the Seven Years’ War resolved nothing. […]
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