In 1763, Pontiac urged Odawa, Potawatomi, and Ojibwe to accept Lenape war belts. Fashioned from black beads, they represented a call to arms—an invitation to go to war and rid the Ohio Country of the British. […]
At the Treaty of Paris in 1763, the French surrendered all claims to lands between the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, as well as present-day Canada. But, seen from Indian perspectives, the Seven Years’ War resolved nothing. […]
According to conventional wisdom, the 1750s and 1760s was the period in which the British defeated the French and Indians and, in so doing, secured title to virtually all of North America east of the Mississippi River. […]
Although Shays’ rebellion was quelled by the government, it had sent warning signals across the Confederation. The Commonwealth of Massachusetts turned out to be incapable of governing. […]
Daniel Shays, a former army man, was hit hard by the new taxation policy in Massachusetts. When his personal situation worsened, he joined the protesters in Springfield and thus began the famous Shays’ rebellion. […]
The American Revolution had disastrous consequences for the farmers of New England. Since the farmers did not deal with money in their exchanges, they were not prepared for the ramifications of the new taxation policy. […]
With 17 intelligence offices, the US surveillance network is vast. Then, there are international covert operations about which the general population may not know anything. And, the budgeting and management of this expansive network is definitely a mammoth task. […]
The intelligence life cycle begins when decision-makers identify information they need to know, and the intelligence community attempts to collect the data relevant to the question and provide its best analysis of what that data forecasts. […]
When the Congress reviewed the situation after 9/11, they didn’t like what they saw. The Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act of 2004 established the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI). The resulting structure is more or less a federation intended to maximize the effectiveness of intelligence collection and dissemination among 17 member agencies while maintaining independence of action among each. […]
In the Southeast, increased social and economic interactions with colonists made it increasingly difficult for Native people to control the rate and shape of change. Their search for common ground was challenged even more by the spread of diseases, the expansion of slavery, and the onset of war. […]
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