Though historians had viewed Charlemagne and his empire in a positive light, they backed away from identifying him as father of Europe. There were reasons for both supporting and opposing the epithet. […]
For centuries, Carolingian king Charlemagne has attracted the attention of critics, defenders, and historians. Each tried to evaluate him, and each had a different opinion about him. […]
Fang Lizhi urged young people to take their future into their own hands. Already feeling restless, the students held many prodemocracy rallies and demonstrations in China. The party leaders were divided over how to view these events. […]
Rising income disparities and growth of urban inflation were major concerns in China in 1980s. As socio-economic stresses grew stronger, the traditionalists launched an ideological counterattack against capitalism. […]
As China went through the reform era in the 1980s, with people free to express their individualities and the spread of the globalization fever across the country, a new set of social problems took birth. […]
Officer Hazard Perry built ten small ships to take out British squadrons. Surprisingly, he was successful against the British ships. […]
America had to endure two different military threats in 1811. On the one hand, it was on the brink of war with Great Britain, and on the other, some wanted the U.S. to invade Canada. […]
George W. Bush decided to sway away from the traditional U.S. policy of “constructive engagement” with China. Instead, he opted for a more confrontational approach. […]
Taiwan’s insistence on being independent of China led to China conducting military exercises near Taiwan to send a message. Unfortunately, intervention by the U.S. caused distrust and tension between China and the U.S. […]
While China’s economic explosion in the 1990s led to the rekindling of Chinese national pride and patriotism, it also revived the darker side of Chinese nationalism, xenophobia. […]
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